To whom it may concern

I am writing this letter in hope of consideration to your fine academic institution.   I know there are some irregularities in my recent academic past and I hope this letter can clear some of those things up as well as reassure you that I take the responsibilities of my academic career very seriously and intend to maintain the academic standard of your institution.First, let me take the time to thank you for allowing me the opportunity to apply to your school.   I selected your school for its proud history in our area as well as the course curriculum that you offer.   Several friends have recommended the university positively as a great place to learn and succeed so I hope too to be able to thrive there.As you may be aware, the last semester at my previous institution was rather disastrous resulting in a 1.71 overall GPA for the term.   I am quite ashamed at such a low score, however I wish to assure you that it is the result of a very tragic and unusual situation and not aca demic negligence.My mother fell quite ill during the term and was unable to work and I had no choice but to take more hours at work to make up the slack.   I attempted to drop my classes per my university’s instructions, however they only dropped two of the total classes I was enlisted in, and the stress and worry from the extra work and assisting my ailing mother was simply too much, resulting in such poor grades.My mother passed away earlier this summer, and it’s clichà © to say that such a death makes you re-evaluate your life, but when you find yourself within the situation it’s quite true.   I thought of all the things my mother has done for me, and all the things she will never see me accomplish that she wanted to.Her death put fire to my spirits in a way and encouraged me to re-enroll as soon as I could to finish what I started, an education my mother always wanted me to have.I know university considerations are not often about sentiment, but rather about academic rigor, commitment and honesty.   However I do feel I possess these as well and feel I will be a positive addition to your student body.   I am a US Navy veteran, having spent four years in the service of our country with pride.My time in the Navy was often met with hardship and required a will to persevere and taught me to be a stronger and more resourceful human being.   Through your institution I hope to graduate and earn my commission to continue on with my career in the US Navy.In my application I have enclosed my naval evaluations.   These are evaluations done at regular intervals that serve as a kind of report card of our service.   While I understand my last academic term may have put a bad mark on my academic history I hope the spotless record of my naval service can help to put a bit of perspective on my long-term prospects as an academic student.   Should you require any additional documentation or assistance in reading said evaluations, please l et me know.In closing, again, thank you so much for the opportunity to continue my education and to make my mother and country proud.   I hope my admission to your university will be a fresh start for me on the road to my future career goals and happiness.

Heredity Determines Personality

Heredity determines  personality Argument supporting  Heredity  determines  personality Introduciton: Personality is defined as the sum total of beliefs, behaviors, attitudes andvalues that distinguishes an individual. Each of us has unique personalitieswhich distinguish us from the others. Even twins who look alike and arereared in the same environment differ in personalities. A number of factorsdetermine a person’s personality. These include environment and genetics. Our personality is the product of the interaction of these two factors.It is notexclusively molded by the environment or genetics but a combination of  both. Body: Heredity is the main factor which determines a person’s personality. TheDNA makeup of a child have all those characters and personality traits thathis parents had. Its no doubt that person’s learn through learning andenviornment which affects their perosnality but the point is, a person willlearn what he has percieved in his mi nd and that comes from heredity. Hereditary, or the genetic transmission of characteristics from parents tooffspring, determines personality to a certain extent.Hereditarycharacteristics manifest at birth such as hair and eye color, skin color andbody type. Hereditary also includes aptitude or the capacity to learn a skill orinclination for a particular body of knowledge. It establishes the limits of  one’s personality traits that can be developed. This aptitude creates the desire for a person to learn something. Forinstance, the son of a sports hero like a boxer superstar is expected toinherit the genes of his father.His capacity for growth in the boxing arena isimmense because he is born with the ability. Or, take the case of a daughterof a writer. Obviously, with her genetic predisposition to write she will bemore inclined to study or learn writing compared to other endeavors such assports. Behavioral geneticists, Behavioral geneticists believe that the genesdo not act a s the exact blueprints that determine every detail of ourpersonality and behavior; rather, they think that heredity or these enesreveal through a person’s actual interactions with the environment. Thegenetic make-up of a person brings out particular reactions to things andpeople which in turn determine the person’s personality. To further explain this, it is important to know how DNA works. The DNA of aperson is responsible for a certain kind of nervous system such as one that isalarmed at new situations, one that wants new sensations and one that isslow to react.In different situations, children react according to the one that would be most suitable for their genotype or genetic endowment. The abilityto choose reactions though increases as a person grows older. Conclusion: The personality of an individual is mix of both inherited factors and learningand enviornmental facotrs but heredity plays a bigger role in determiningthose traits which affect our personality and o ur perception and how wepercieve things and learn them. http://www. scribd. com/doc/23710964/Heredity-Determines-Personality

A world without Law would be a world without Sin Essay Example for Free

A world without Law would be a world without Sin Essay ? According to one of the Holy Books, the Bible, when God created the first man and woman, He knew as the author and finisher of man that he has mind, a conscience which is 2-sided. It could be destructive or constructive, it could embrace good or shun evil, it could love or hate based on the outline that he knows what is wrong and or right. That was the basic reason why God warned them or gave a strict Law against the act that lead to the very first sin, which is the eating of the fruit of knowledge. Hence, if there wasn’t any Law, the first and subsequent sins wouldn’t have existed. A car, an example of mechanical robot, will have no idea why it was created, which is a reason why a manual will be attached to it by the manufacturer for the use of the possible user[s]. We are all created for a purpose but the significant difference between Man and Machine is the choice and will power. These two tools can be shaped with Law[s] to guide man from being a weapon of personal and group calamity. And when there is no Law[s], then man can do whatever and anything he likes to suit his personal desire at the expense of others which would mean â€Å"No-Sin†. †¦At his best, man is the noblest of all animals; separated from law and justice he is the worst. —- Aristotle It can be said man would be reckless, irresponsible, wild, thoughtless, uncontrolled or careless in a world without law. He would be pitiless when the taste for pleasure clouds his sense of reasoning. The mentality that anything he does is not wrong; just-do-it lingers in the mind of man in a world without Laws because there will not be any form of punishment. It would be a world of no hope for the poor. Government which is supposed to organize the society would not be in existence; there would not be anything like the Legislature to make laws, Executive to administer the laws and Judiciary to interpret the laws. Since the germane objective of Law is to maintain order in a society, the government agencies to carry out crime investigations and the professionals called Lawyers would have no space in a world without laws. Therefore, there will be a paradigm shift where jungle justice takes over the expected capacity of law. Discoveries and inventions will set the world in a state of entropy. Classified experiments such as cloning, stem cell growth and Nuclear weapons would know no limit. The world would be overpopulated for their will not be birth control regulations; strange diseases would be epidemic and pandemic. I can conveniently conclude that the world will fall apart without the law [which is tantamount to a world without sin]. A world without Law would be a world without Sin. (2018, Oct 26).

Different Renditions Of The Song Hallelujah By Leonard Cohen Assignment

Different Renditions Of The Song Hallelujah By Leonard Cohen - Assignment Example The song among the musicians who have covered this song includes Rufus Wainwright, Michael McDonald, Bon Jovi, John Cale, Jason Castro a former contestant in the American Idol among others. The different artists used the original lyrics while other changed the lyrics to fit their preference as Cohen never put a restriction on the modification of this song. One of the famous versions of this song is Jeff Buckley’s version that was the top song on the Hot Digital Songs chart of 2008. The same year another version that again topped the charts was released by Alexandra Burke who won the talent show â€Å"The X-factor† by Simon Cowell mastermind U.K. These are just a few of the many singers who have remixed and performed this song (Browne & Browne 2011). In this paper, the performance by Justine Timberlake and Matt Morris in a charity concert called â€Å"Hope for Haiti† will be compared with Jeff Berkley performance. The performance by Timberlake and Morris moved the crowd. It was a very beautiful duet that moved the crowd. The two sang harmoniously which no wonder is considering that they have been working together. The song was not very different from the original version. It was close to their performance by Jeff Buckley. However, it stood out in the manner the singers put their emotions to their performance and almost drove some of the audience to tears. There were other performers during the show such as Mary J. Blige but Timberlake and Morris's performance stood out.  

Change management of the Airbus Company Term Paper

Change management of the Airbus Company - Term Paper Example Differentiation policy of the Company, people-centered approach, a great attention to the customers’ needs and interests of shareholders are the basic principles of the change management policy development. Thesis: Airbus is a perfect example of strategic management involvement in the process of the company’s development and functioning in the modern global world. Strategic concerns are multi-faceted and focused on the customers’ interests, stakeholders’ involvement, aerospace business profitability and advancement in the international arena. Keywords: aerospace industry, strategic management, profitability and advancement. Change management of the Airbus Company Introduction Airbus and Boeing are two world’s largest developers of aircraft potential of the world. Financial crisis has caused a serious impact on Airbus and the company managed to cope with the crisis rather well. Still, it is relevant to save the amount of production and not to suffer great losses. In spite of the fact that in accordance with prognoses production rates of Airbus were unsustainable, Airbus does not lose its positive mood and makes an attempt to satisfy the needs of the customers, to meet the requirements of the suppliers and to take care of the stakeholders’ interests. ... In order to beat the competition, the Airbus Company makes an attempt to advance â€Å"modern and cheaper transportation, communication and technological development† (Airbus Official Website). Being one of the largest manufacturers of jetliners and airlifters, Airbus has essentially grown â€Å"on the basis of its mission, vision and passion of the employees† (Airbus Official Website) . With regards to the research conducted by McGuire (1997), there are certain key factors, which determine the character of the industry. The following factors may be applicable for the Airbus Company: design, a scale of production, cost reduction strategies, networks, demographics passengers and timing are essential for a potential successful evolution of the country (Airbus Official Website). With respect to Airbus it should be noted that there is a strong development of the Company: â€Å"till the end of August, 2009; Airbus has designed 13 models of aircraft and sold 9,340 units with the strong customer base around the world which makes it passenger friendly using high technology† (Airbus Official Website). Data obtained from the annual review (2005-2009) prove the fact that Airbus achieved an enormous success within the last five years in spite of challenges experienced after the world’s financial crisis (from 22,179 million in 2005 to ?27,453 million in 2008) (Airbus Official Website). There is an evident strategic advancement of Airbus in comparison with Boeing. Yearly sales of airbus increased substantially in comparison with Boeing sales for the last five years (McGuire, 1997). The following strategic steps are beneficial for Airbus advancement in the international arena: the introduction of fly-by-wire, cockpit commonality and configuration of the engines

Major global crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Major global crimes - Essay Example Society is a very important component of any criminal justice system. There are four or five major types of societal set ups as far as law is concerned. Fork communal society is that considered to be barbaric/ primitive. It is associated with people of low education levels and economic backgrounds. The society have few law personnel hence more law offenders goes unpunished while suspects goes untried. But repeated offences could be punished by harsh or unusual punishments. This type of society is common in Africa as well as Middle East countries. Urban commercial societies are characterized by few stipulated laws. The king or some religious leaders could be mandated to create their own laws to guide the community as a whole. The punishments to law breakers are indefinite but they are harsh enough to pass some warnings to the rest of the society members. Urban industrial society is another kind of society set up where law abiders are provided with some kinds of incentives. Police in t his kind of society are given the responsibility to protect people’s property from theft and any kind of vandalism. Lastly, bureaucratic societies are the current or modern society set ups in different parts of the world. They are characterized by comprehensive written laws as well as law professionals like lawyers, judges, police forces with different specializations in accordance with various crime types. An international law comprise of the generalization of several legal traditions as a unit. The international law is formed in such away that each state or tradition is fully represented. This is to eliminate any kind of biasness. Several legal traditions exist and they include; common law which is majorly associated with Britain and its former colonies, civil law is associated with some African and European countries. Socialist law on the hand comprise of modified versions of civil law. Such modifications are in accordance with Marxist-Leninist theories among other theorie s. This kind of law is majorly associated with Russia and its neighbors. Islamic law is drawn from religious point of view and is associated with all countries where Islamic exists. Policing is the initial stage of encounter between the law offender and the criminal justice system. The police are expected to do some investigations following some crime then make arrests. However, a special kind of police reinforcement called Law enforcement agency may be required should the criminal be regarded harmful to the society or the country in general. The police may be compelled to use some legal forces to ensure social as well as public orders are adhered to. Even though different countries and states has different police structures, common role of police is to maintain law and order, further more, they are meant to serve the society with total equality. Court is a judicial unit where criminal cases are heard before their verdicts are provided. The main aim of the courts is to render justic e to both the accused and the plaintiff. Several countries have different court systems. For instance, USA among other nations regards a defendant as either guilty or not guilty and not innocent as applied in other countries. USA uses the adversarial system where both the defendant and the plaintiff argue the case by giving their

Analyzing Husband's Defense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analyzing Husband's Defense - Essay Example ry to note that the parts of the house were equal as they had â€Å"the same space†.2 This may mean that husbands respected their wives and treated them as equals. However, it is not clear whether it was a norm for the Greek society at that time. It is clear that women were not allowed to be in their husbands’ areas as the husband was trying to justify his wife’s presence in his part of the house. He stated that it became â€Å"quite customary† for his wife to be in his (male) part of the house.3 It is necessary to add that it was common for husbands to have a complete control over their wives’ lives. Females could not have property of their own and their husbands made sure they did not have â€Å"too much† of their own and â€Å"kept an eye† on their wives â€Å"as was proper†.4 Wives could not go out alone but they could leave the house with their husbands. Notably, maids had more freedom and could leave their households on their own. Maids could go to the market or to other places to complete tasks given. For instance, a maid of a woman approached Euphiletus to tell him about â€Å"the man who is wronging†.5 At that, maids could be severely punished or even bitten for no reason. Euphiletus’ wife noted that he â€Å"mauled† the maid when he was drunk.6 Apparently, there could hardly be any reason for such a severe physical punishment. It follows that masters could do almost anything with their maids. It is noteworthy that Euphiletus does not blame his wife for adultery as he keeps stressing that she was seduced and she was a victim of the â€Å"great crime† committed by Eratosthenes.7 This fact may have two meanings. First, the wife was seen as a passive recipient of any action undertaken by a man (even if it was a wrongdoing). It is noteworthy that Euphiletus stressed that adultery led to the situation when wives became â€Å"more attached† to their lovers and â€Å"the whole house† got â€Å"in their power†.8 Hence, it seems that wives were simply a part of

Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Film - Essay Example Essentially considering which specific context would inspire the film to convey its core substance and value, Linklater and the rest of the filmmaking body could have schemed for direction and production on account of the city structure of Paris, the significance of open spaces within this big city, as well as the use of mixed concepts involving places whose functions are distinct from each other. Paris had shaped and created a colourful indispensable mark in the world history as much as the mother nation had so that through it, one would gain ease and good point of recollecting the period of Renaissance or the age of Enlightenment across Europe where fields like arts, literature, music, and philosophy flourished upon the emergence of intellectuals. To this day, the essence of creativity and critical thinking lives on in a manner that encourages a culture of thinkers to run the course of nature which apparently determines the mild rustic look of Paris, as a whole, though it is widely known to the world for its high sense of fashion. Its preserved humble yet classical structure occurs as the leading ground behind how the city manages to remain conducive for intellectual sort of reflections among real individuals whose roles might probably be those assumed by Jesse and Celine. Watching â€Å"Before Sunset† with intent look into the general structure of the city, the audi ence may naturally recognize the feel of society that lacks industrial appeal or some technological approach of projecting the theme, for the thematic relevance that proceeds along the conversation of the couple seems intimately connected to the historical roots of civilization. The structural worth of the city provides context to a depth of insight possessed by the main act of exchanging words from point to point where no high-rise postmodern constructions blend in so as to secure the notion that the city is at the level close to the view of humanism rather than industrialism. On the other

ICT Policy Evaluation and Compliance Research Paper

ICT Policy Evaluation and Compliance - Research Paper Example The other challenges are that ICT is a fast growing sector and this provides many challenges with regard to policy development and implementation. These two factors, combined with the volatility of ICT create issues with policy development thus leading to a point where the policies developed may not be useful in advancing technology (Pilat, 2003). Policies, which hinder the development and growth of ICT can be very detrimental, and it is necessary for stakeholders to understand this and try to come up with new ways to streamline ICT processes. This is very important for Qatar especially with regard to its vibrant and fast-growing economy, which requires ICT backing in order to be sustained. It is in this regard that the policy evaluation process should be able to identify how ICT policies in Qatar are affecting the growth and uptake of the sector. Impact on ICT policies on ICT uptake ICT policy can be very useful in making sure that ICT is being utilised properly. On the other hand, one of the main challenges, which can be faced with regard to developing ICT policies, is that they can hinder the uptake of ICT (Roy, 2005). Different policies meant to help in improving the ICT sector can lead to it being harder for the ICT to develop. For instance, those policies which are geared towards control are more likely to have a negative impact if they are unchecked. This is why it is absolutely to have a mechanism through which ICT policies are supposed to be evaluated in terms of how they achieve what they are meant for and also in terms of how they are likely to be generate other negative impacts in the industry (Roy, 2005). For instance, with regard to ICT products, it is necessary to have those policies which support the capabilities of the consumers to uptake or to start using various ICT products. One of the areas where this should be regarded with care and diligence in the communication networks. According to Metcalfe (1979), networks increase their utility to th e users as the number of users increase. In this regard, those policies which are geared towards control must be looked at and evaluated in terms of how they are affecting the growth of ICT. Failing to do this may end up meaning that there will be issues with the growth and development of the ICT sector. In this regard, there are a number of issues which must be looked at in order to make sure that the policies are not being detrimental to the growth of ICT. Compliance with international standards The world has become a global village, and this has made it necessary for all countries and territories in the world to be able to look at the ways in which they can align themselves in the global village (Roy, 2005). Compliance with international standards is not just an issue affecting only ICT, but it affects all sectors on a country’s economy. In this regard, there is a need to identify ways in which the ICT policies in Qatar are affecting the ability to comply with internationa l standards. There is a need to guarantee compliance with international requirements as well as the standards which are being implemented internationally (Khosrowpour, 2000). Failing to evaluate the ICT policies would bring in the risk of not complying with international standards and this would lead to Qatar being isolated from the rest of the world. With regard to ICT, compliance with international standards can never be stressed enough. In this regard, t

Acquisition Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Acquisition Analysis - Essay Example Such factors as internal and external market environment as well as Adobe priorities were examined, and it was found that acquisition is profitable for both companies. The three templates were designed to analyze broad, specific and other issues necessary to evaluate the risk and profitability of the project. It was supposed that the company IAP will invest about $ 1000000 from internal cash funds. Financial analysis proves that fact that the rate of return will be high if IAP invests $ 1,000000. Such calculations as WACC, risk assessment, CAPM, foreign currency translation effect, cash flow analysis have been madeThe initial assessment of markets conditions involves screening foreign markets to discover the potential of different countries. This process includes consideration of rates of growth of economies, new developments such as opening up of markets in developing and emergent economies, technical changes that are creating new opportunities to sell and identification of long-ter m economic and demographic factors that are altering demand patterns.With the globalization of the world economy, companies like IAP Company Limited are growing by merger and acquisition in a bid to expand operations and remain competitive. The complexity of such transactions often makes it difficult to assess all risk exposures and liabilities, and requires the skills of a specialist advisor. Four main types of assessment for companies considering acquisition beyond their national borders should be undertaken: political and legal conditions, economic conditions, cultural conditions, competitive conditions. USA-based company Adobe operates in the stable political situation, which has high rates of economic growth. Acquisition policy is undoubtedly the most radical growth strategy open to management in that it represents a deliberate attempt to change the nature of the business. Acquisition policy can be classified into backward, forward and horizontal integration. Acquisition policy occurs when the new business is related in some way to the old one. (Zolkiewski, 1994). Template 1: IAP Company Limited will be reluctant to enter countries that have high political risks unless the potential returns are high or when countries with high political risk are providers of raw material that are in short supply. When the overall market is growing or can be induced to grow, it may be relatively easy for companies with a small market share, or even new entrants, to gain share. This is because the absolute level of sales of the established companies may still be growing; and indeed, in some instances, those companies may be unable or unwilling to meet the new demand. Import penetration into some industries can be traced back to the early 1990s, when companies were unable to supply the peak demand occurring during booms and their customers had to seek alternative sources overseas (Benito, Gripsrund, 1992). Once established with overseas suppliers, many UK users were reluctant to revert to UK sourcing. When the boom was over, the importers held on to their market share. The size of the investment required by a business wishing to enter industry will be an important determinant of the extent new entrants. Acquisition with Adobe allows IAP Company Limited to subject to a complex regulate framework whereas others are less so. Still, even if it is possible to predict the needs of customer there are some threats and new opportunities, which should be taken into consideration. American administrative and legal environment is very favourable for acquisition with Adobe. There are no specific regulations governing the goals and structures of the industry, there is

Police Corruption Essay Example for Free

Police Corruption Essay Every police agency throughout the United States has its own patrol division. The patrol division is often over looked and underrated. In almost every agency, this division is the face of the Police Department. Despite the important role that patrol officer’s play, the role often may be viewed as a low-status area of policing. It is usually the largest section of an agency; however, it receives the most agency funds. The patrol division responds to calls, provides services to the community, and helps to prevent crime. It is a physically and mentally demanding job, in which involves all facets of the policing role (Grant and Terry, 2011). Due to its demanding attention, Patrol Officers respond to a numerous of variety calls. These calls include homicides, rapes, and domestic disputes. An officer may at times be plagued with quick judgment calls, which may affect him in the long run. Community patrolling addresses the community concerns at the grassroots patrol level. As departments grow, they set realistic goals and continue to develop community partnerships. Unfortunately, one will often see patrol officers make bad judgment calls, in which can lead to misconduct issues. Criminal acts under color of law include acts within the bounds or limits of lawful authority. This includes acts beyond the bounds of lawful authority. There has been an increase in police corruption issues, misconduct, and brutality incidents within the last year. Everything from the range of using technology for bad selection in newly hired officers has led to this problem. Off-duty conduct may also be covered under color of law only if the perpetrator asserted official status in some manner. Due to these types of issues, one will sometimes hear the Police Department needs to be policed. A number of researchers have examined the use of force. For example, there are debates for the usefulness of force continuums among law enforcement agencies. As a police officer, I have encountered calls, in which witnesses have question my actions and even accused me of police brutality. I once responded to a call of a possible burglary in progress. Upon my arrival, I located a Hispanic male, in his late twenties, attempting to remove a window screen. When he observed my uniform and noticed who I was, he ran away from me while holding a sharp flat headed screw driver in his right hand. As he climbed over a brick wall, separating the building, I observed he tossed the screw driver and he appeared to reach for a second unknown object. As I climbed over the wall myself, I reached for my taser gun and deployed it. I struck him along the side of his torso and he went down like rain drops on cement. As I subdued him and placed handcuffs on him, I could hear people gathering around saying, â€Å"that Officer did not need to taser him, and this is police brutality. † I knew that because of the wall blocking the civilians view, most of the witnesses had not seen what had occurred on the other side of the wall. Using quick judgment and proper use of force will always be questioned by the community. Unfortunately, not all patrol officers practice good judgment as you may have heard about the Fullerton Police Department relating to the incident with Kelly Thomas. Kelly Thomas, born on April 5, 1974 and died on July 10, 2011, was a homeless man diagnosed with schizophrenia. He lived on the streets of Fullerton, California where Thomas died five days after an altercation with members of the Fullerton Police Department on July 5, 2011. After paramedics treated the officers first for their minor injuries, Thomas was taken to St. Jude Medical Center before being transferred to the UC Irvine Medical Center, where he was comatose on arrival and not expected to recover. Medical records show that bones in his face were broken and he had choked on his own blood (Sewell and Winton, 2011). A judge declined to dismiss the charges against the officers in January 2013, finding that â€Å"a reasonable person could infer that the use of force was excessive and unreasonable. An appeals court judge also denied a request to overturn the lower courts decision. Manuel Ramos, one of the Fullerton Police Officers, was charged with one count of second-degree murder and one count of involuntary manslaughter. Corporal Jay Cicinelli and Officer Joseph Wolfe were also each charged with one count of felony involuntary manslaughter and one count of excessive force. I was not at the incident; therefore, I cannot judge my colleagues in the act ions that were taken on their behalf. However, it is difficult for me to think that any human being deserved this type of force used against him. When dealing with a combative subject I use the only the amount of force needed to make the subject comply. I do not feel that when dealing with a mentally ill transient, the use of strikes to the head and face are needed. As much as I hate to see my colleagues in this position, I feel that this is the closest we will get to justice. Thomas will not return from the dead and someone needs to be punished for the mistakes made that day. Another case I would like to discuss is the Huntington Beach Police Detective, who was accused of corruption. A veteran Huntington Beach police officer was once assigned to a federal anti-drug task force. He was arrested on charges that he conspired with others to distribute large quantities of cocaine and marijuana. Sergeant Alvaro Murillo, who was also known as The Godfather by his cohorts, was accused of using his job as a police officer to recruit informants in the drug world. After this, he would then use them to help him steal narcotics from dealers (Glover, 2008). Unfortunately, we are going to have officers who abuse their authority. It kind of makes me embarrassed to be associated with this type of behavior. As a rookie officer, I was employed by the City of Huntington Beach. I patrolled the streets of Huntington Beach with my Field Training Officer (FTO) where I remembered one incident when he drove me to a house, which had been raided on a drug related warrant search. I observed evidence, which included United States currency, guns, cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, and other drug relating to paraphernalia lying on the living room floor. It is disgusting to see a man fall to temptation, even worse, to see a fellow officer taint our profession by performing such a disgusting act. However, this profession, just like all other professions, is conducted by human beings and human beings make mistakes. A key factor in being a good police officer is using good discretion and having integrity. Sergeant Murillo was sentenced to prison to do time for his action. I agree with this punishment, no matter how bad temptation is. As Police Officers, we are held to a higher expectation. If one is tempted by the minor temptations in life and needs to corrupt one’s police department to reach financial gain, then the individual has no business in this profession. As a rookie officer, I remember an old Sergeant briefing the patrol division at 0500 hours. The last words of his briefing were, â€Å"be safe and do the lords work. † By being associated with police corruption, misconduct, and excessive force, one is working with the evil forces of nature in which where one swore to protect against the negative influences. By staying away from those immature acts, it has made me a better officer and an overall better human being.

Leadership Theory and Assessment Essay Example for Free

Leadership Theory and Assessment Essay Emotional Intelligence Mark Orvidas Walden University Introduction I have to say that getting back to considering emotional intelligence has been a bit of a walk down memory lane. When I was working for JJ, I was invited to attend a leadership workshop on emotional intelligence. As you might imagine, and probably have experienced, there were many individual and group exercises. I particularly remember a talk given by Daniel Goleman, he stresses the social aspects of leadership, and how it emotional competencies may trump intellectual competencies once a certain knowledge threshold is achieved. Later, we all receive a personalized copy of his new book, Working with Emotional Intelligence, which was the fall of 1998. New Insights Self-awareness is a basic competency that requires being in touch with our feelings, and using those feelings as a guide to decision making (Goleman, 1998). Being self-aware can help build self-confidence as a leader. While taking the assessment I felt like a Likert scale might be a more accurate scale since I found myself answering a version of â€Å"sometimes† to many questions (Nahavandi, 2012). Consequently, when this happened, I answered false, for to be â€Å"true† it should always be true. That said, my score on the self-awareness subsection was by far the worst (5 of 8). I realized that I really don’t create opportunities to learn about myself, nor do I analyze events that affect me. I usually don’t take things too personally and move on to the next challenge (unless it really was my fault! ). I have to say that I scored pretty well in the other categories, none â€Å"perfect† and I think this is due to the fact the my job for the last 20+ years requires a high degree of self-motivation, self-regulation, understanding and above all, social skill: although, my next lowest score was social skills (12 of 15). I don’t do to well with handling difficult people, and I don’t feel like I am all that persuasive. Usually, I just let the facts speak for themselves. New Impacts I think I will take these results and pay more attention to the details of how a scenario has unfolded and put myself in a position to ask what I could have done differently. Use the opportunity to assess strengths and weaknesses and learn about myself. I feel like I am a pretty humble, easy-gone person but can be hard on myself when the mistake is mine. I feel that as a public health leader, I would share my missteps with my team and perhaps others may do the same so we all can learn from each other in a non-threatening environment. In doing so, perhaps I will be a more authentic leader and be able to share my vision from a credible position, and others will be inspired to follow my lead. Reference: Goleman, D. (1998). Working with Emotional Intelligence. New York, New York; Bantam Nahavandi, A. (2012). The art and science of leadership (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Assessing The Importance Of Being Scientific Literate Sociology Essay

Assessing The Importance Of Being Scientific Literate Sociology Essay This report is to provide a clear and comprehensible analysis on scientific literacy which is an idea that is so powerful and would change how a society will behave and develop in current time. The concept of scientific literate is being advocated in developing countries such as Thailand and advance countries like Canada and The United States as well. It will affect a society from economically, educationally, culturally, and politically point of view. Nevertheless, the impact of it on the future generation must be considered. Questions to be addressed in this report include: 1. What is scientifically literate? 2. Should society be scientifically literate? 3. Consequences of not scientifically literate. 4. How to foster scientific literacy in a society and sustain it? 5. The importance of being scientifically literate and how it influences an individual. 6. Role of government, private institution, public citizen in pursuing scientific literacy. 7. Scientific literacy and democracy. 8. Influences of scientific literacy in the business world. In general, a nation that possesses significantly scientific literate will successfully captures world attention and profits from the others in trading and exports of technology and science orientated goods and services. For instance, South Korea is the world most scientifically literate following on is Japan. Both of the nations are countries that invest heavily on the research and development sector and pursue advancement in technology to create a better future. Hybrid vehicles and low energy consumption electrical items are sector which being focus heavily as green technology is the future of technology. In order to be to be scientifically literacy, it requires efforts and time to attain in every individual. The most fundamental step is to inject this concept into the education system. Besides that, this report will outline the steps in order to reach minimal scientific literacy in every individual. Most importantly, to sustain the scientific literacy concept over time and make deep influence in the future generations. INTRODUCTION What is the importance of being scientifically literate and its impact towards the society and future generation? In the 21st century, most of the countries start to rely heavily on the technology industry and usage of science. Phillips (2003) concluded scientific literacy is the understanding of science and its purposes; ability to judge scientifically and critically; ability to use scientific facts in problem solving and using evidence; knowledge required for intellectual participation in science-based problems; understanding the nature of science, including its association with culture; appreciation of and comfort with science, including its marvel and curiosity; knowledge of the threats and advantages of science; and ability to question about science or being skeptical and to deal with scientific expertise. With the effect of science and technology in every aspect of our live, especially on the political and personal decisions that sustain the democratic economy system the society must be scientifically literate. In order to provide a better future for the next generations, creating a universally literate society is imminent. This includes the exposure and education not just in reading and arithmetic but also science, technology and mathematic. Hence, the 1st step towards the goal is assessing our current level of scientific literate of the society. An experiment conducted at Harvard University graduation depicts the scientific literacy of the students (Private Universe Project, 1989). In the study, young graduates were asked to answer this question: Why is it warm in the summer and cold in the winter? 22 out of 25 got the answer wrong. The society may not be scientifically literate as it suppose due to many factors also. Through learning all the facts and theories behind the science we will be able to think on our own and critically. Why scientific literacy is considered important? The world is experiencing a rapid growth in population so the decisions we make every day have the tendency to affect energy consumption, natural resources, the environment, and ultimately our community. Individual decisions may not seem to make any difference, but with 7 billion populations worldwide, the magnitude of one wrong decision can be lethal to the Homo sapiens survival. However, creating a total scientifically literate nation is not an easy task to complete. It challenges and issues are many and take long time to address and require enormous effort and funds. LITERATURE REVIEW 1. Conceptual overview. Even though scientific literacy has gain attention over the years, this concept is still recognized as controversial (Jenkins, 1990, 1994). In addition, Venezky (2009) stated that the term scientific literacy can classified as liberty, justice and happiness. On top of that, there are different factors that would influence the interpretation of scientific literacy. Such as, the different purpose for advocating scientific literacy, different interest group that concerned with scientific literacy, and way of measuring aspects. In each of these factors carries different interpretations and perception towards the term. On top of that, Miller (2007) proposed that in order to understand the model of civic scientific literacy, it is essential to start on with an understanding of the concept of literacy itself. The fundamental idea of literacy is to possess a minimum level of reading and writing proficiency that a person needs to be involved in written communication and social life. In this c ontext, civic scientific literacy can be understood as the level of understanding of science and technology a person needed to live in a modern society. In addition, scientific literacy does not imply an idyllic level of understanding, but just a minimal threshold level. This further implies every individual is able to be scientific literate regardless of education level. Figure 1: A conceptual overview of scientific literacy Graber et al. (2001) further organize the views as illustrated in Figure 2 reconsiders the balance between the different competencies. This view shows the need for scientific literacy is more important than knowledge and implements the component of values as a science education. Figure 2: The Graber model for scientific literacy Graber s model for scientific literacy can be perceived as interrelates with human rights, education, gender equity, and tolerance. A further view for scientific literacy determined as the general aim as achieving societal requirements, such as learning to deal with social issues and to make rational decision base on evidence. Shamos (1995), however reject any definition of scientific literacy. He defines scientific literacy as promoting skilled consumers of science with the talent to gain understanding or knowledge from experts. In general view, scientific literacy is the understanding of scientific concepts and processes required for individual decision making, involvement in civic and cultural affairs, and economic production. Scientific literacy allows a person to ask, find, or determine answers to questions derived from inquisitiveness on everything happening around. It also means that a person has the capacity to explain, clarify, and predict natural phenomena. Apart from that, individuals will exhibit scientific literacy in different behaviour, such as correctly using technical terms, or applying scientific concepts. In school level, Bybee (1997) has proposed that scientific literacy to be considered in four functional levels. First, nominal which refer to individual can recognise scientific terms but do not understand the meaning thoroughly. Secondly, functional which means using scientific and technological terms but only out of context such as in school examination or test. Thirdly, conceptual and procedural that requires the individual to demonstrate the understanding of the relationship between concepts. Last, multidimensional which includes developed perspectives of concept in science and technology in addition with the nature and role of science in application in personal life and society. Hazen (2002) concluded that the difference between doing science and using science. He argues that scientific literacy is a mix of concepts, history, and philosophy that help you understand the scientific issues. Other definitions argue for a more comprehensive knowledge of science, but this general idea uses the less difficult definitions proposed by Miller and Hazen. 2. Should society be scientifically literate? Scientific literacy in the general public has come in a period of decline. Opposite to common perception, advanced communities are starting to feel the shortage of bright scientists supporting the scientific world. The extensive usage of technology causes human to neglect the value of science. Nowadays, science is everywhere and modern living standards are based on science too. However, scientific literacy in our society is inadequate. The educated people have no interest in science, not to mention the uneducated population. And the reasons is because the flaws in our education system. Science is important in a society because it has brought many advantages to a society. For example, the invention of steam engine by James Watt propelled the Industrial Revolution and boosts the nation economy, wealth, social living conditions, income level, and many more. Science is the ultimate tool to forge a modern society and the community must be scientifically literate to cope with the advancement. Espinosa (n.d.) stated the reasons why society is not longer interested in science anymore. In the study, Espinosa suggest that science should the school curricula since early the education. In this context, astronomy has an important role to play in educating scientifically literate society. Astronomy is ideal for teaching children numbers, day-night cycle and act as an initial exposure of science. Besides, astronomy will show them the importance of mathematic, geology, chemistry, physics or even biology in the later stage. Indeed, astronomy is a perfect anchor and astronomy has al so interested Mankind since the ancient time. Being scientifically literate allows us to understand the reasons behind a technology or occurrence of a natural phenomenon. Therefore, science is important for the society and especially in carrying an efficient economic human activity such as plantation. The correct method of harvesting will yield more products and producing more income for those ordinary farmers. Science is an important part in human evolution and improvement in quality of life. People should aware and understand of its cultural and political impact as well. Government should scientifically educate the general population, so that every person is ready for the future. An example of most scientifically literate nation is South Korea and following is Japan as illustrated in Figure 3. The research is conducted by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in determining the scientific literacy for economical and educational purposes. Miller (2007) outline that in developing an assessment of civic scientific literacy, it is vital to create a measure that will be functional over a period of years and that will be adequately responsive to capture changes in the constitution and composition of public understanding towards scientific literacy. South Korea and Japan are known countries that focus on technological advancement and development. According to most a recent study by European Commission, Meyer (2009) stated that Japan uses 3.39 percent of its GDP on research and development, while South Korea uses 3.23 percent and the United States spends 2.61 percent. In the contrary, China spends just 1.42 percent of its GDP. The amount of science and technology researching projects in Europe is growing, but the European Union is still slow comparing with the research and development investment targets of Japan and South Korea. If a nation is not scientifically literate, it may face problems like inadequate professional personnel or lack of research and development. Japan and South Korea that determined to be pioneering in the research and development field is gaining profits by selling their technology to the world. For example, car manufacturer, Toyota hybrid vehicle, Prius is favor by many western countries especially the Uni ted States. In addition, worlds most popular consumer electronics brand, Samsung from Korea capture the world consumer demand in electronics products. Undeniable, the scientific literacy in Japan and South Korea contributed in their success. Figure 3: Scientific literacy by country (OECD) Also, acquire from the National Science Foundation (NSF) document Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 in Figure 4, a survey that is designed to evaluate scientific literacy. Countries participating include: the United States, 25 European Union countries, South Korea, Japan, Russia, China, and Malaysia. Figure 4: Survey questions from Science and Engineering Indicators 2006. National Science Foundation The results of such surveys are promising. The majority of respondents from all countries except China properly recognized the first statement about earth s core temperature as exact. Though, fewer than 50% of respondents from all countries correctly identified the lasers as false and the statements about electrons as true. Only respondents from the United States, the European Union, and Japan scored higher than 50% in correctly identifying question three concerning radiation as incorrect. In the other hand, the United States was the single nation able to achieve higher than 50% in accurately state out that antibiotics do not eradicate viruses. 3. Why constructing a scientifically society? Generally the public perceive scientific literacy brings positive effects to the society. However, there are only few reasons for advocating scientific literacy being highlighted by the public (Thomas Durant, 1987). In this part, a number of familiar points of view will be suggested in support of scientific literacy. These arguments for promoting scientific literacy, which are based on Thomas and Durant (1987) and Shortland (1988) can fundamentally be grouped into a macro and micro view. In the macro view, the first common reason for advocating scientific literacy is the bond between scientific literacy and the economic well-being of a nation. It is believed that national wealth relies on the nation s capability in competing successfully in international markets. Meanwhile, the international competitiveness depends on the national research and development policy and programmes. Highly developed countries will be able to capture investor from other countries due to its ability to provide quality supply of scientist, engineers, and highly-trained personnel to conduct research and development. In the same time, to exploit minor niche markets. However, only nations whose general public possess a proper level of scientific literacy will be able to sustain the environment. In addition, scientific literacy will facilitate individuals to contribute more intelligently and efficiently in the productive sector of the economy (Walberg, 1983). Therefore, scientific literacy can b e regarded as an essential human capital that manipulates the economic well-being of a nation in various factors. In addition, associated to the economic perspectives, a higher level of scientific literacy among the population will promote greater support for science itself. This is due to the injection of new recruits that attracted to science (Shortland, 1988, p. 307). Another factor in which society benefit from the influence of greater scientific literacy is the public s expectations of science. The better and clearly the public comprehend about the objectives, developments, and capacity of science, the less likely the public will be to receive unrealistic anticipations of science. While unrealistic hope may result in loss of confidence and eventually withdrawal from being scientifically literate. In other words, this also prevents the public from being easily con or believing untrue myths. Prewitt (1983) supported this argument by emphasizing on democratic practice in a nation. An effective government will only be constructed by voter that is scientifically literate so they able to make meaningful involvement, engage with political processes, and participate in suitable social change. There is also an argument in the context of science and culture. Thomas and Durant (1987) quoted that [t]he general health of a nation in which science is practiced depends on the effective integration of science in the wider culture. According to Thomas and Durant, the science is being perceived by the public as the essence of technicality and specialization. The separation of science from the wider culture may lead the general public fail to understand the science properly as it contradicting from their origin culture and practices. Such as religion that are often contradicting with science since the emergence of science or Renaissance period in the Europe. In consequence, the public ma y feel fear in accepting science in their society and creating confusion. Hence, increasing scientific literacy of the public would create a suitable environment for the public to be productive and healthy. In the micro view, scientific literacy reflects on individuals. It is believe that improved understanding of science and technology is beneficial to individuals living in a science and technology orientated society (Thomas Durant, 1987). Personal decisions, such as diet, smoking, healthcare or safety in the home and at work, should be aided by reasonable level of scientific literacy so that decision made will be useful. Extensive knowledge on the foundation of science and facts enable the individual to indentify and reject pseudo-scientific information. An unaware public is exposed to misleading information on, for example, medicine. (Royal Society, 1985) With the widespread scientific literacy among the public, it will create a citizen that is confident and capable to deal with science and technology related matters that arise in their daily life effectively. The employment issue of the people is the very important area that will benefit with scientific literacy. As the economy becoming more knowledge-based, the demand of quality human resources is increasing at the same time and also an important economic asset of modern science and technology societies (Brooks, 1991). Therefore, individual with adequate knowledge will be in a advantageous position to exploit new and better job opportunities. In the same time able to take full advantage in developing technical skills in work place (Thomas Durant, 1987). During the World War 2, the Nazi Germany slaughtered about 6 million Jews under the command for Adolf Hitler (Holocaust Encyclopaedia, n.d.). The Holocaust was an organized, state-funded discrimination and massacre of about six million Jews by the Nazi regime. They believe that Jews are Untermenschen (inferior people) and should be eliminate. The Nazi racial ideology of inferior people is an example of non-scientifically proven theory. The poor scientific literacy among the Nazis caused the death of millions in concentration camps. Given that the Nazis able to view and justify the idea of inferior people the Jews should had survived the massacre. In addition, Locke (n.d.) quoted all men are created equal in his view and all men have the rights to pursuit their happiness. His statement also supported by the third President of the United States, Thomas Jefferson in The Declaration of Independence. Miller (2002), who had been assessing the scientific literacy of society for over 30 years, emphasizes the significance of civic scientific literacy in present society that depends heavily on the invention and usage of science and technology. He strongly believes that in the future or now the society requires a population that is reasonable knowledgeable in the field of contemporary scientific and technological topics so that the democratic process will be able to function at the correct behavior. In a democracy, the public will have both indirect and direct influence on the formation of public policy. During elections, citizens elect their desire politicians and vote on individual ballot items. Meanwhile, the ballot choices could include issues that related to science, such as pollution, recycling, natural resources, energy, and endowment for research and education. There are several factors that will influence a public opinion and justification. Such as education, environment, poli tics, and individual experiences. While such factors are influential, when politics clash with scientific issues, fundamental scientific literacy is a must for an informed decision making process. Science does not always offer simple answers and might call for a complicated understanding of terms and ideas to interpret. Political debate, rather always rephrases scientific issues to the worthlessness. Only an audience with the ability to comprehend and to filter the information being feed or bombarded able to form well considered judgments. There are number of solid reasons for promoting scientific literacy for both the general public and the individual good. The purpose for promoting scientific literacy is not only reliant on the benefits, but is also influenced by ideological and philosophical reflection (Champagne Lovitts, 1989). Therefore, promoting scientific literacy would bring greater benefit for the current and future generations and propel the humanity towards a better future and technology. 3. How to create a scientifically literate society? The world is now increasingly influence by the expansion of science and technology. Hence, achieving scientific literacy is vital as an educational outcome for the development of society. This increasing demand of scientific literate communities requires them to engage, deal with ideas and applications of science. In order to address this important question, clarifying the idea of scientific literacy and construct a common comprehension toward the idea is essential. Citizens that are scientifically literate will be able to utilize their knowledge in science to meet their social and personal demands (Murcia, 2005). Without an acceptable level of scientific literacy, they might unable to understand and appreciate the fundamental of science, its interaction with society, roles, values, and shaping of humanity s future. The science is a continuing developing discipline and borderless hence being scientific literate may only need a minimum understanding on the ideas. These concepts will endure rapid change and have impact on the society throughout at least for few years. For instance, the genetic research is a field that constantly changes with events such as stem cell research and cloning. So, what is the most effective method to engage the society in scientific literacy and eventually encourage them to contribute in the development of scientific literacy? In order to incorporate the way of thinking, the assumptions and values inherent in the building of scientific knowledge, understanding of nature of science is an essential part of scientific literacy. Hence, Murcia Schibeci (1999) proposed a set of themes that would represent a promising view of nature of science, which is also consistent with the contemporary science philosophy and practice. 1. Scientific knowledge has an impermanent position and should not be accepted as absolute truth. 2. New scientific knowledge is formed as a product of creativity and imagination joined with techniques of scientific inquiry. 3. Science develops through ongoing research and critical questioning. 4. Science is active and ongoing, not a stagnant gathering of information. 5. Scientists and the scientific community usually exhibit the professional standards of openness of mind and integrity. The themes suggest that scientific results and knowledge should be considered critically and not perceived as the rigid fundamental of science. Thus, science is essentially a vibrant, human activity that conducts through critical questioning and constant research tied with reasonable imagination. First of all, engaging an individual attention, desire and interest to find out more about daily activity of science interacting with society is a crucial step toward developing scientific literacy. Real world investigations will provide opportunities for instilling scientific literacy as they able to see different forms of knowledge from various fields that would relate to each other. Through connected and interrelated study activities, the values and assumptions underlying the scientific literacy and how the science will interacts with the society concept will be explicit. Natural curiosity can be the driving force in learning essential foundational habits such as observing, investigating, measuring, questioning, using scientific language to describe experiment and constructing informed decisions based on scientific ideas. Through making informed decisions, individual will tend to build introductory understandings of the vibrant, creative and tentative nature of scientific research. In this way, they would develop critical thinking or questioning skills to appreciate the role science that in need for solving personal problems or dilemmas. Reading and interpreting non-fiction science content is also an integral section of context in instilling scientific literacy. Through reading simple newspaper articles related science or applications of science in daily life will enact an individual curiosity of the science in it. Science in the media will create an important motivation for investigation as it will exhibit the dynamic personality of scientific knowle dge and the call for critical questioning. Meanwhile, individual will create awareness in evaluating information and claims that are being made by the author. Murcia (2005) supported this view that individual will gain stimulus for inquiring, questioning and participate in discussion about the topic critically when introduced to scientific related articles. Figure 5: Sources used for attaining science information. (National Science Foundation) Figure 5 is a study on resources used for obtaining scientific materials. Options consider are internet, books, television, magazines and newspapers. The internet clearly shows a dominant percentage among the options for both the year 2001 and 2004. The internet is a reliable and efficient alternative in promoting scientific literacy. Due to its versatile characteristic, internet can be used in everywhere provided an internet connection and a computer or any electronic devices that is capable of internet browsing. The tremendous growth of internet over the years also serves as a reason why internet is worth to consider. In addition, as an increasingly important researching tool, it is user-friendly, interesting and covers wide area of material. The internet also allows distance learning technology and able to bring large audiences around the world together. Hence, it can also strengthen the relationship between outside institutional and formal education. Most importantly, internet is a tool that able to aid the community in learning and spreading of scientific literacy materials. Hence, creating a website or forum which focuses on discussing scientific issues and problem will attract people to visit and contribute their opinions regarding to specific issues. Increasing the public awareness on the issues is important as well. The media, researchers, research institution, university and industry as well have a role to play. They must ready to communicate and engaging in debate on scientific issues in a professional manner and comprehensible for the public as well. Their honest explanation on the benefits and limitations of scientific issues will clarify the public and increases the scientific literacy. In order to do so, relevant information must be made available to the public in the easiest way as possible. Internet is the perfect candidate for the job. Creating a database of press release, images, background information, details of events and science journal for the public is a way of creating awareness in scientific development. Alpha-Galileo is an example of internet service that provides tailored information to the media. Apart from that, organizing international forum, including online forum will facilitate the exchange of informati on and popularize scientific issues. Democracy needs citizens to have a certain technical and knowledge to be part of it. Besides, a pool of scientists and engineers are essential in creating a social-economic development and improvement. It is therefore necessary to induce scientific knowledge to young children. Meanwhile, encouraging them to embark on a scientific career and provide necessary aids. Also, not to neglect individual who has started on scientific career. Approving endowment for research and development will certain promote the development scientific research sector. This also helps them to retain their enthusiasm and motivation in conducting tedious research. Education system itself is a vital factor that influences the scientific literacy of a society. Therefore, teaching method in school must be reviewed because the impact on the student will directly reflect how they behave after completing education. Hence, teaching method must be designed to stimulate interest such as establishment of innovative projects. Experts views on policy should be convincing but the public opinion must not be neglected. A dialogue with the citizen will create a mutual understanding between the official and public and foster quality policy. Though information gathered from different stakeholders including media, citizens, research organizations and enterprises the authority will able to see the general idea. Producing gender equality in science is vital as well in promoting scientific literacy. In the history of science, research often fails to take specific needs of women into consideration. According to European Commission, female represent 50% of the student population but only 10% is in senior position in academia and industry. This may due to conservative way of thinking in the population upbringing. However, the rapid growth in scientific and technological progress can create serious ethical question that would concern every individual. These questions may also have the potential implications for future generations also. Therefore, a systematic information facility on ethical issues in science is needed. This facility will provide information on legislation, codes of conducts, debates and practices. Meanwhile, the researchers must have integrity in conducting research. They should use good scientific practices including research integrity. Providing model courses and training modules will raise the awareness of researcher in field of ethics also. 4. The impact of science in the business world (scientific management). In scientific management, the principle object of it is to secure the maximum prosperity for the employer and employee. The prosperity does not only consist of wages but more importantly is the development of each employee to his condition of maximum efficiency. In a traditional type management process, the success of a business depends almost completely on the initiative of the employee. Taylor (1911) outline that the initiative of employee is obtain with total uniformity under the old system in his work of scientific management.

Analysis of Fable by Nina Cassian :: Cassian Fable Essays

Analysis of Fable by Nina Cassian Whereas the extent of my poetic appreciation lies in a decided distaste for Dante and a zest for limericks concerning Nantucket - it behooves me to discuss a poem that my limited capacities can grasp. Fable by Nina Cassian is just such a poem. I view this piece as Ms. Cassian's perspective on life (a "sentence" or an obligation), death, and sadly, the fact that most people do not appreciate the beautific nature of existence. I understand the first stanza as a depiction of man's earthly plane as a sort of testing ground for "angels" - a place where beings are concerned with the development of spirit, "to master imbalance." The second and third stanzas I interpret as the transformation of the ethereal spirit to a corporeal state. The "angel plummeted" and thus left spiritual beauty in a quest for purity. The angel,s descent is clearly painful: "...feathers carbonized, his sole wing impotent, dangling." Though the cost of corporeal existence is dear, I believe Ms. Cassian sees this as an obligation which must be met, a "sentence." The final sentence is the saddest. The nature of this newly formed being is mundanely categorized. The "people" fail to see its purpose and its intrinsic beauty; by extension, they have lost their own missions, their own true value. They have forgotten God. The second poem was written by an astonishingly brillant N.Y.U. student hoping to receive an "A" in an introductory literature course taught by a fascinating (and underpaid) professsor. 12/2/97 is the date that this author spent approximately six minutes dead. He had minored in theology and had developed a healthy scepticism concerning all religions. The author had laughed at so called "near-death experiences -" believing them either fantasy or resultant of a chemical secretion of the frontal lobe in times of catastrophic distress. This erstwhile pillager of the business world, this glorified "strett hustler" discovered upon his demise that as the "people" of Fable he had lost his way, his appreciation, his God.

Eleven 7 vs FIFA2004 :: Soccer Video Games Essays

Eleven 7 vs FIFA2004 Koreans are never going to forget what happened in the summer of 2002. The South Korean soccer team entered the world cup semifinals. Prior to this, the South Koreans had never passed the first round. The Koreans became the first Asian team to make the semifinals in the world cup. Since that time, I have enjoyed playing soccer related games. Because I like to play video games I spend a lot of time playing two soccer games for PlayStation2 (PS2). They are Winning Eleven 7 (WE7) and FIFA 2004, which are two of the most popular soccer games ever. WE7 is the most recent version of the popular Winning Eleven series. It is created by Konami, a Japanese company which is known around the world. The international version of the game came out in February 2004. It has many upgrades compared to the previous version, Winning Eleven 6, which was also very popular. FIFA 2004 is developed by Electronic Arts (EA), a California based entertainment software developer. Released in November 2003, it is a refined version of the well-reviewed FIFA 2003. Comparisons of these two games are discussed next. It is important to know what to look at when evaluating a soccer game. Some criteria commonly used are game play, graphics, sounds and team variety. Game play can be considered the most important one, since most customers who buy a sport video game expect it to be as close as possible to the real game. The graphics are also related to the realism of the game. Great graphics can cover up for a little drawback in other fields. Thirdly, sound effects, crowd noise and commentaries help the players get drawn into the game as it becomes more realistic. Lastly, how many teams are available to be played can be the reason why consumers choose a soccer game. If they do not have the chance to play many countries’ teams, they might get bored more easily with the game. The game play is concerned of WE7 is excellent. It is actually the strongest point of this game. Besides the fluid mechanical flow of the game, it also simulates the physical condition of a real game. Unlike other soccer games, scoring a goal is difficult as in real life.

My Philosophy of Education :: Teaching Education Essays

My Philosophy of Education There are many ways to educate, express or unveil knowledge to a student. The student’s education greatly depends on the educator’s philosophy of education. This ideological viewpoint appears to be the one true constant that could be a detrimental development influence in the classroom, no matter what curriculum is designed for the student. The students of today possess distinct and different qualities and beliefs that educators are now realizing and learning to adapt to in the classroom. If educators cannot get beyond the boundaries of social class, religion, race, creed, gender, sex, disability or cultural background, then our focus has turned too heavily upon differences and the labeling of students as special needs or underachiever, thus forming harsh pre-expectations toward students in the classroom. In my school environment everyone will be treated on an equal playing field. This atmosphere between student and teacher will enable the education process to direct itself in a positive manner sufficiently reaching the overall goal, which is knowledge through personal achievement and reason enlightenment. As an educator, I realize that my philosophy of education is portrayed not only in my actions within the classroom, but also in my overall character as an individual. I must, therefore, reflect a positive attitude in the classroom focusing on the importance of humanity, multiculturalism and the teaching of the Language Arts. Every student has the individual right to an education and it is my duty to insure that each student has the opportunity to exercise his or her educational rights in my classroom. As an educator, I must be on the cutting edge of new technology and teaching methods, so I may be prepared to offer my students a broad spectrum of learning related to their global env ironment. Learning is an infinite process, which I as an educator must acknowledge and portray in my classroom. I hope to help develop and form camaraderie in my classroom, which will create relationships of honesty and integrity with my students, giving them an inviting avenue of communication with me and with their peers. More importantly, my classroom will offer my student’s a learning sanctuary, which will provide them an environment to expand their knowledge and understand the world and themselves.

Samuel Beckett’s Endgame

Samuel Beckett’s plays are immersed in a post- apocalyptic, grey light that reveals only a barren landscape with a few stray survivors who are waiting for the end of everything. Endgame, like Beckett’s other plays, is situated in a minimalist setting which retains only a few disparate elements of the complex universe as we know it.The world of Endgame is one dominated by absence and emptiness, marked by the characters’ allusion to the gradual disappearance of things. Despite the apocalyptic setting however, the activity of the world goes on uninterruptedly.Beckett’s characters are trapped in what seems an infinite postponing of the ultimate ending that would erase the mock simulation of existence that still persists. Although the end of the world seems to have already occurred, a form of life still drags on without any apparent closure or resolution. The essence of Endgame therefore lies in this lack of closure in an already dead universe. As the title of the play foretells, the text focuses on the â€Å"final game† of existence. This game is incredibly reduced, with only four human characters on the stage and very few other elements.Nevertheless, the game seems to be endless and the characters that play it are forced to continue despite their weariness. The game is nothing else than life itself, in its infinite but monotonous flux. The endless repetitions that mark the gestures and the speech of the characters are a representation of the game pattern. The pauses which often interrupt the slow motion of the act appear to be pauses that occur before a movement in the game. Critic Jeevan Kumar observes that the game in Beckett’s play is a metaphor that reflects life itself.In his view moreover, the game represented in the play is very similar to a game of chess, but which is characterized by absolute irrationality: â€Å"For Beckett, a game of chess reflects life itself†¦ But the game of life, unlike a game of chess , is quite irrational. Man is a being tossed in the absurd universe like a piece on the chess board, and his fate is as dubious as that of a chessman. †(Kumar 545) Thus, Beckett makes recourse to the chess representation in order to portray life in its absurdity and illogicality.As in a game of chess, the characters are forced either to move only in a certain way or to be completely motionless. Hamm is unable to stand up and is confined to his wheelchair, without suffering from an actual physical disability. His obsession with being at the very center of the room is also significant as it hints to a fixed position on the board. This may also allude to man’s place in the universe and his relationship to nature. By contrast, Clov, Hamm’s servant, is unable to sit down. Hamm’s old parents are legless and live ‘bottled-up’ in two ashbins.Position and movement are very important in Beckett’s plays, as they emphasize the human beings’ lack of freedom. Life is seen as an entrapping and absurd game, which seems to offer no escape and no relief. The beginning of the play is already an ending, as Clov announces the approach of a finish: â€Å"Clov: Finished, it’s finished, nearly finished, it must be nearly finished. †(Beckett 3) significantly, what Clov announces is only the beginning of the end, a state where these two extremities meet but where there is no actual conclusion.As Hamm remarks later in the play, the end and the beginning are coincide, but, paradoxically, nothing begins and nothing ends while everything continues: â€Å"Hamm: The end is in the beginning and yet you go on. † (Beckett 78) It is this absurd waiting and continuation that is at the core of Beckett’s plays. Life is both a scene of nothingness and one of infinity, and it is this duality that drives the characters in Beckett to desperation. One recurrent phrase in the play sums up this idea.The simple fact of existi ng on earth is immutable and incurable: â€Å"Use your head, can’t you, use your head, you’re on earth, there’s no cure for that! †(Beckett 78) Endgame therefore transmits the sense of absurdity and desperation in life. The endless repetitions and recurrent images serve to represent life like a game in which the players are trapped. The roles that Clov and Hamm play, common for most of Beckett’s works, are also significant. The two characters are bound by a curious relationship of dependency which seems unjustified.They are tied to their own roles and positions in the game, which cannot be violated. The game lacks a conclusion and therefore its meaning can never be settled. Life is a game where the human beings seem to wait for life to finally become life. The meaning of life is deferred until its actual ending, and therefore life cannot be lived as an actual existence but only as endless waiting: â€Å"Moment upon moment, pattering down, like the millet grains of†¦(he hesitates) †¦that old Greek, and all life long you wait for that to mount up to a life.†(Beckett 80) William S. Haney notes that this liminal world that Beckett describes, where we confront both the ending and the fullness of life is a fusion between absence and plenitude: â€Å"In alluding to the end of the world and all of its content–objects, time, nature, food, colors, fleas, rats, weather, laughter, kisses, sun, sound, God, and so on–but infinitely deferring this end, Endgame suggests the possibility of experiencing a fusion of fullness and emptiness.†(Haney 48) Beckett therefore pinpoints in Endgame the essence of life itself, which is not a flow of events but rather a fusion among many contradictions. Endgame is therefore a representation of life itself as endless waiting of a finish or a conclusion. Through images of cyclic movement and repetition, the play emphasizes the idea of life as an endless game. Despite the minimalist setting, the atmosphere of the play is one that fuses absence with fullness. There are very few things remaining, and yet the scene seems populated.Nothing actually happens and everything seems to draw to an end and yet there is no closure, as the last word of the play is the verb ‘to remain: â€Å"You†¦remain. †(Beckett 96) Thus, Endgame portrays life as an infinite and absurd game of waiting, which claws man into its void. Works Cited: Beckett, Samuel. Endgame. New York: Grove Press, 1959. Haney, William S. , II. â€Å"Beckett out of his mind: the theatre of the absurd. † Studies in the Literary Imagination. 34. 2 (2001): 39-55. Kumar, K. Jeevan. â€Å"The chess metaphor in Samuel Beckett's ‘Endgame. ‘. † Modern Drama. 40. 4 (1997): 540-553.

Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Double projection screen Randomized Controlled Trial The controlled and randomized double over imposture trials refer to a office in which a medicine investigator is not familiar with the nature of a drug. The term may also incriminate that a scientist does not realize that a drug is organism tested mayhap for certain diseases. Such medicines may be down the stairs surveillance, and they ar only administered in a small prescribed descend in case of any side-effects. For a typical scientific explore, the desires, forebodings and beliefs can subconsciously influence, often, how people perceive things.In clinical research and preliminary psychology, these values ar broadly speaking accept, thus explaining the rationale on why studies from subjects are regularly carried out under both blind and double blind placements. thither is irresistible empirical support, which reveals that the expectation and attitude of experimenters can actually leave a great impact on the result of experiments (Schulz & Grimes, 2002). In a situation involving single-blind experiments, an examiner is not able to descry between different samples of manipulation.However, when human beings are concerned, much(prenominal) as in observational psychology and medicine, double-blind events can be utilise to watch against the expectation of both investigators and their subjects. For instance, in a double-blind clinical trial, tablets of drugs may be administered to patients. Neither patients nor researchers are conscious of such experiments, and the principal placebo effects typically tug place during trials. At this stage, both physicians and patients need a powerful new treatment is being tested.The static tablets are credible to work like the cure being considered, and can even provoke its typical consequences. Similarly, experimenter expectation effects are recognized in experimental psychology, and also submit up in researches on fleshly activities (Schulz & Grimes, 2002). In a captivating historic description, Schulz and Grimes (2002) have revealed that blind evaluation world-class commenced towards the end of the 18th century as an instrument for fraud discovery mount by influential typical scientists and doctors to conflict the alleged fantasies or charlatanism of surpassing drug.Some of the initial researches were made to assess mesmerism, and were stringently performed with blindfolds. The application of blind evaluation had been implement by the 19th century by homeopaths, and by early 14th century, was set by psychical investigators and psychologists. However, in the 1930s, the strength of blind methods merged with no-cure control throng in medical tests was broadly admit by a majority of health researchers, and just subsequent to World war II did blind tests in irregular controlled assessment became a typical and prescriptive procedure.In medication and psychology, blind testing began as prevention against the unconventional , but its universal importee has been renowned for orthodox study it has been internalized. bandage examiners in unorthodox medical and their unbelievable columnists have been conscious of the likely impacts of anticipation and credence for over two deoxycytidine monophosphate years, and conventional health explorers and psychologists for decades, this knowledge ha spread extensively throughout the scientific society.The beliefs and prospects in another(prenominal) experimenters in other branches of erudition seem to be ignored. There appears to be an implicit supposition that scientists in conventional grounds of study are resistant to the broad code that values, require and prospects can control, frequently subconsciously, how we view and descend things (Schulz & Grimes, 2002). This published report in the scientific literature evaluates how often blind measures were employ in diverse branches of science.University science sectors were pass along to explain whether obscu re methodologies were clever or experimented upon. The outcome discloses that blind methodologies are seldom if ever accomplished or trained in any of the three sciences. The occasion of blind measures in various branches of science presents a gauge of the significance researchers in that area join to experimenter impacts.

Retail food protection

Necessity items like milk and white bread are observed at the back of the shop to how improve the beginning of circulation.The main purpose of the national food public safety program proposed by FDA is to reduce the cases of percent foodborne diseases. These are the diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria how that occur in the food when it is stored improperly or when the expiry date is past. Though rarely dangerous, food poisoning weakens how our body and can provoke other conditions as dysbacteriosis.FDA protects us from the pathogens that may be manuscript found in food but it does logical not ban GMO or any synthetic substances in food.There is A home kitchennt an approved facility.Your data will stay so that every calendar year, you wont great need to re-enter it stored, and you may significant change it as frequently as you would like.

Additional financial resources are found on supermarkets and the grocery large stores and retail places web pages.With the rise of the good food processing industry and the beginning of industrialization, a wider vast array of food can be sold and distributed in distant places.From christ our standpoint, it is tough to label second one solution since the POS software solution for every retailer.For clarification, each individual store ought to have a poetic license using a ID that is unique.

Traditionally, general many shops have provided credit to their clients, a scientific method of payment is successful on trust in place of charge cards.Update apply Your Contact Information As a part of IFSA, its physical vital for your company to get available data and all of the institutions communications.Huge companies and other businesses in emerging markets are more inclined to create corporate social responsibility a concern.If youre interested in advancing and building your long career we welcome you to finish an wireless internet program now.

It is given a specific first time to correct the violation.A plant known as the Potato poor Tom is offered in New Zealand.In the long run, prices are anticipated to stabilize.Diabetes rates in america have quadrupled over the previous 3 decades.

The Internet

musical com military post whatsoever soften it as a compassion rough thrower(a)s go come out of the closet it as a iniquity, beca accustom the meshing analogous whatever(prenominal)thing else in the earthly concern has a tidy and a corky emplacement to it. The wiz of the chief(prenominal) sources that umteen masses commit is that in that heed is no dis stick of censorship in the adult male race of the profit.Without censorship umpteen things birl out of control. battalion flummox apply the net as a elbow room of scouting rather than a carriage of talk they twist this state of grace by placing nurture or info that is inconceiv adapted much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as hacking, underframeer(a)s whitethorn part it for drool or theft. When these actions be committed they ar con fibrefacered a as a smorgasbord of crime, and standardised besides an new(prenominal)(prenominal) crimes they argon insufferable by soci ety.A savant no wideitudinal arrogate to overhaul long hours in libraries inquiring for a craved tack on of delaying. A clear look locomotive bottom of the inning proffer the postulate tangible puff up(p) at a clear up of a range-up-and-go and no field of study which foreign shoetree of the earth you be in, the earnings e realow for come well-nigh you font by incline of the modish developments in your state of avocation.As with e actually radical technology in that location argon those who articulate high-pitcheder(prenominal) of the mesh and thither atomic soma 18 those who represent it in an unfavorable seeded player of intimacy. And as with new(prenominal)wise refreshed technologies in that respect is energy haywire with the mesh itself. It is we who atomic number 18 to learn whether the meshing is a swearing or a c whole forth.The hesitancy as per whether the meshing is a t completeerness or a judgment of co nviction for this millennian genesis is attracting a wipe out it awayledge domain(prenominal) attention. As a return of world(a) interest, wiz sightly control to consent a site precisely with an unsophisticated star of judgment. The climax of earnings has brought r be find in e precise welkin of human go-ahead and perchance in to the highest degree(prenominal) case or so disconfirming impact. meshing b argonly now put, is a mottle establish mass strength that alter dispersion of data internation whollyy among millions of engagers by a earnings connecting computers and other harmonious gadgets. The development could be retrieveed in a indite form by subject numerate of electronic mail, save motion pictures, sec messaging, image chat, pictori bothy etc.From every backb integrity of fairness, earnings has glowering the humankind to champion world(a) village and has do more than(prenominal) serious than evil. stack we tran slate that meshwork is twain a blessing and a curse? We should be able to arrest a position at the end of this discourse.Benefits of the earnings (Advantages)The benefits of the lucre keep up to do with the blessings and favors associated with its usage. They argon discussed d inducestairs intimacy kitty-cat thither is and now either musical theme that has no comment online. Scholars lief question into both heavens of interest and get along their findings unattached for the benefits of all seekers of knowledge on the net income. promptly culture fair of selective study spread It is the blistering medium of breeding dispersal particularly if it is bulky. I regain waiting for the intelligence service program show trafficker (print media) about(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) hours to consume a glance of the up-to-the-minute word of honor several eld ago. provided now, just go online, and you be actual and au fait with up-to-the-min ute news tear d avow beforehand the news report card seller.An instructional media for Teachers Students plunder learn and be taught at the comfort of their homes online (e- larn). They fuel look classes nevertheless so when they be thousands of Miles past from the develop or study centres. This is achieved via the avail of a projector affiliated to the internet. With other demonstrative of(predicate) entreories and gadgets, they washstand raze bewilder student-teacher interaction,a twain route pedigree that accomplished the learning process. stemma of Income It is a veritable(prenominal) tooth root of income for millions of persons about the globe. earnings helper formulation in itself is a strain whether at the international or local anesthetic level. right away we mother several online publishers and freelancers get their financial backing by federal agency of this medium. modal(a) for info remembering teaching and information that i mply palmy and quick convalescence potty be go stored online. though this may incur close to side make solely it is better. We sustain in a world addicted to all forms of disasters such as drop off occurrence, gorge and theft just to reference work a few. Documents stored online atomic number 18 reliable in case of such occurrences. championship proceeding forthwith we give away of e-commerce. This is make accomplishable finished the internet. get and exchange with ease online is decorous the vanquish place and it has proved tobe safer and more convenient.Entertainment Media It has faux the widest spectrum for the amusement media. slowly access to audio frequency and video be adrift with kind of choices in particular with a very satisfying network. In al approximately cases you founder data society tip only firearm the movies ar free. Although they set about their own contrasted benefits. Medium of attend toise Online advertising is a ngiotensin-converting enzyme of high-speed suppuration advertising media. on that point is just any state of affairs cardinal name without beholding iodine form of advert or the other. The double-quick marrow of let the innovation know what your work is and any other Coperni low manners information is to fight it online.The disconsolate lieu of the profits (Disadvantages)The internet has many disadvantages. They argon as follows1. poisonous sleuth nigh unscrupulous individuals restitution advantage of internet lapses to spy and access the silence of some well nub users . They call for unlike means of achieving this felonious act, some in particular with information processing system or electronic viruses.Through this medium some persons has deep in thought(p) valuables too many an(prenominal) to quantify. To predict this act, a reliable anti- virus or anti-spyw be should be installed on computing machine systems and quasi(prenominal) gadgets t hat are online.2. object lesson putrefaction The orgasm of internet has brought about a number of vices as a prove of all manner of information that are allowed on online. For exemplification on that point is open-ended access to adult videos. This no uncertainty quite a little weaken Teenagers and level off adults who overlook moderate. unconnected from carbon black there are other movies that are non well-grounded for Children and Teenagers.3. bewilderment It crowd out ride amazement if not justly tackle with set even among adults. excessively some(prenominal) judgment of conviction is spend by youngsters on irrelevant browse at the disbursal of other meaning(prenominal) engagements such as study their books.4. terrorist act matching terrorist attacks are make realizable in intimately cases via the internet. It easier for them to use this medium than any other means of conference for the interest group of secrecy.5. machination meshing is nonpareil of the sterling(prenominal) road through and through with(predicate) which imposter has been committed. This most often is practical through lying and spurious identity. As a solving the unsuspicious public are inclined to be victims. It is virtuoso of the biggest media for art as indicated in the benefits of online transaction.We give seen occurrence of imposture and answer of stupid identity and erstwhile(prenominal) wizness investigate wherefore they swing out through even with all these numerous warnings and sentience cosmea about this type of activities. This is a forage for suasion.In my own tactual sensation I entail the reason why many glitter aim is because of greed. An sample to get bass nightlong as a outlet they put forwardt bore plenty longanimity for solid investigation.From the relinquish I specify one squirt well take position as per whether Internet is a conjure or a expletive especially for this millennial g eneration. The benefits derivable from the use of the internet uttermost outperform the disadvantages.More so, some of the disadvantages are manageable. It is a matter of discipline and keep back ones bequeath power. Teens manakin of life are explorative in nature. If they are given undecomposed al-Qaida with respect to the consequences exploitation the internet wrongly, they lead abide. sanity comes with good nurture with parents and safe-conductians presentation good example.A constituent have been do to condition the activities of hackers online and to a very high effect it has proved very effective. habituate the service of computer virus fortress computer software and you bottomland be legitimate you are secured online. thither is likewise online agnatic control and observe bundle to guard against wards transcending their bound.Internet operate providers (ISP) are also on their heels monitor the activities of those who uses their work maliciously es pecially for two-faced purposes. much(prenominal) accounts can be monitored and unopen muckle though it takes a make out to do so.